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Introduction of Taiwan blue chalcedony
2008/01/31 , by 珠宝实验室 , From 本站整理
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Lin Sung-Shan (中译英: 林嵩晖, 指导: 林嵩山 )
Abstract： Blue chalcedony is a special local gemstone in Taiwan. Taiwan blue chalcedony owes beauty and popularity to its vivid blue－green or blue color ,and its value is the highest among the jade that produced in Taiwan. It also outshines others in the world market.
Blue chalcedony from Taiwan was found in the mountain-seacoast of eastern Taiwan , and its occurrence belongs to hydrothermal deposit. The blue chalcedony from Taiwan is compared with its simulants in details. Besides,the writer investigates the chalcedony diggings of DongHe village in TaiDong county for distribution and causation.
Key words： Blue chalcedony, mountain-seacoast, Taiwan
Necklace,brooch,and earrings of Taiwan blue chalcedony
0. Preface
Local precious gemstones in Taiwan except amphibole are the blue chalcedony. This kind of extensive distribution in mountain-seacoast of eastern Taiwan was found in the time of colonial era of Japan . (was named "Taiwan blue gem " "Taiwan blue color gemstone "), which was mined since 1960’s.Blue chalcedony remains the highest value in Taiwan due to decreasing output and increasing requirement.
Chart of distribution of Taiwan blue chalcedony in the mountain- seacoast
1. Distribution
Taiwan blue chalcedony usually distributes among the mountain-seacoast of eastern Taiwan ,the north range from FongBin village of HuaLian county , and the south range to DuLan village of TaiDong county,that blue chalcedony spread between this two areas. Producing area of blue chalcedony are in mountain-seacoast ,which are cliffy ,in the face of Pacific Ocean,and the altitude from 500m to 1600m.The occurrence of blue chalcedony belongs to hydrothermal deposit ,that is often found as a late hydrothermal deposit or an alteration product in acidic or basic igneous rocks, tuffs and breccias.Component of copper and silicone dioxide formed beautiful blue chalcedony,which often with chrysocolla inside.
Taiwan blue chalcedony is often blue or blue-green color, and copper is the major color causation, component about 0.01%~0.02%.Part of blue chalcedony were changed color in “blue-white” due to over heating while processing.If the heat over 200℃ ,color was changed without return because of water release and copper oxidization.
Bangle of Taiwan blue chalcedony
2. Commerce situation
Exploitation of blue chalcedony since colonial era , and the high quality products were sold to Japan market in the 1960s.Until 10s years ago ,antecedents supplied simulants in Taiwan market from America (chrysocolla) ,or another blue chalcedony from Indonesia,that these were processed in Taiwan for market requirement,but the price were usually lower than Taiwan’s .
Some products maybe simulate in color,but most of them have no better quality than Taiwan chalcedony,so price remains higher . Go on a tour of HuaLian ,and TaiDong city,you will find some shops exhibit Taiwan blue chalcedony (even if they are simulants from Indonesia , or New Mexico state of USA),the price are ranging between hundreds and thousands of N.T.
dollars. Especially, unique one are waiting for a good price to sell,furthermore,the resident population of western Taiwan also know what is Taiwan blue chalcedony,so as to the value keeping high level all the time.
3. Analogous mimic
Because Taiwan blue chalcedony strongly receive favor on market, then huge amount of mimics launch on Taiwan markets, shoddy, or spurious mix the false with the genuine. Especially, Indonesia imports have the most quantity and near physical characteristic .Furthermore,simulants also have the kind of hemimorphite, dyeing blue chalcedony, turquoise and blue glass .Introduction as follows :
Chrysocolla
3.1 Chrysocolla (see figure)
Chemical composition : (Ca, Al)2H2Si2O5(OH)2．nH2O,often contain copper and impurity.
Crystal habit : aphanitic or lump aggregate body, for copper mineral corrade alteration, often company with chalcedony .
Mohs’ scale of hardness :2~4, chalcedony accrete can heighten,
Relative density :2.0~2.4 g/cm3.
Refractive index :1.461~1.570.
Blare : wax to glass blare.
Color : green, blue-green, some can display water blue.
Distribution : Taiwan, America, Brazil, Chile, Peru.
Hemimorphite
3.2 Hemimorphite (see figure)
Chemical composition : Zn4(OH)Si2O7．H2O.
Crystal habit : fibrous, globosity, graininess aggregates body, always breed in limestone.
Crystal system : orthorhombic system.
Mohs’ scale of hardness :4.5~5.
Relative density :3.45± 0.05 g/cm3.
Refractive index :1.614~1.636.
Blare : glass blare.
Color : have no color, or green, blue color.
Distribution : China, Austria, America, England, Germany.
Dyeing ( blue ) chalcedony
3.3 Dyeing ( blue ) chalcedony (see figure)
Chemical composition :SiO2, but contain many kinds of dyes.
Crystal habit : aphanitic aggregate body, display lump, graininess or fine thin fibrous aggregates body.
Mohs’ scale of hardness: 6~7.
Relative density :2.60± 0.10 g/cm3.
Refractive index : about 1.54 (point measure ).
Blare : grease to glass blare.
Color : many kinds of colors.
Distribution : spread in the world because it is a mimic.
Blue glass --see flow line
3.4 Blue glass (see figure)
Chemical composition :SiO2 and a little amount of metallic element.
Crystal condition : not a crystal quality body.
Mohs’ scale of hardness :5~5.5.
Relative density :2.30~2.60.
Refractive index : about 1.50.
Blare : wax to glass blare.
Turquoise
3.5 Turquoise (see figure)
Chemical composition : CuAl6[PO4]4(OH)8．4H2O.
Crystal system :triclinic system.
Crystal habit : aphanitic aggregate body ,display lump, tubercle , or nervation .
Mohs’ scale of hardness:5.5~6.
Relative density :2.4~2.9.
Refractive index : about 1.62
Blare : wax ~ earthy blare.
Distribution : Turkey, China, Iran, Egypt, America, Australia.
Ore of Taiwan blue chalcedony
The writer points out where is the Taiwan blue chalcedony ore
主讲人：林嵩山 ( GIC.DIC. FGA. DGA. HRD. CGC.GIC翡翠鉴定师证书 ) GIC台湾校友会会长
全球宝石鉴定研习中心总鉴定师 // 讲师
桃园县劳工局职训中心珠宝职业课程讲师
中华民国宝石协会副理事长
Lin Sung-Shan (中译英: 林嵩晖, 指导: 林嵩山 )
Abstract： Blue chalcedony is a special local gemstone in Taiwan. Taiwan blue chalcedony owes beauty and popularity to its vivid blue－green or blue color ,and its value is the highest among the jade that produced in Taiwan. It also outshines others in the world market.
Blue chalcedony from Taiwan was found in the mountain-seacoast of eastern Taiwan , and its occurrence belongs to hydrothermal deposit. The blue chalcedony from Taiwan is compared with its simulants in details. Besides,the writer investigates the chalcedony diggings of DongHe village in TaiDong county for distribution and causation.
Key words： Blue chalcedony, mountain-seacoast, Taiwan
Necklace,brooch,and earrings of Taiwan blue chalcedony
0. Preface
Local precious gemstones in Taiwan except amphibole are the blue chalcedony. This kind of extensive distribution in mountain-seacoast of eastern Taiwan was found in the time of colonial era of Japan . (was named "Taiwan blue gem " "Taiwan blue color gemstone "), which was mined since 1960’s.Blue chalcedony remains the highest value in Taiwan due to decreasing output and increasing requirement.
Chart of distribution of Taiwan blue chalcedony in the mountain- seacoast
1. Distribution
Taiwan blue chalcedony usually distributes among the mountain-seacoast of eastern Taiwan ,the north range from FongBin village of HuaLian county , and the south range to DuLan village of TaiDong county,that blue chalcedony spread between this two areas. Producing area of blue chalcedony are in mountain-seacoast ,which are cliffy ,in the face of Pacific Ocean,and the altitude from 500m to 1600m.The occurrence of blue chalcedony belongs to hydrothermal deposit ,that is often found as a late hydrothermal deposit or an alteration product in acidic or basic igneous rocks, tuffs and breccias.Component of copper and silicone dioxide formed beautiful blue chalcedony,which often with chrysocolla inside.
Taiwan blue chalcedony is often blue or blue-green color, and copper is the major color causation, component about 0.01%~0.02%.Part of blue chalcedony were changed color in “blue-white” due to over heating while processing.If the heat over 200℃ ,color was changed without return because of water release and copper oxidization.
Bangle of Taiwan blue chalcedony
2. Commerce situation
Exploitation of blue chalcedony since colonial era , and the high quality products were sold to Japan market in the 1960s.Until 10s years ago ,antecedents supplied simulants in Taiwan market from America (chrysocolla) ,or another blue chalcedony from Indonesia,that these were processed in Taiwan for market requirement,but the price were usually lower than Taiwan’s .
Some products maybe simulate in color,but most of them have no better quality than Taiwan chalcedony,so price remains higher . Go on a tour of HuaLian ,and TaiDong city,you will find some shops exhibit Taiwan blue chalcedony (even if they are simulants from Indonesia , or New Mexico state of USA),the price are ranging between hundreds and thousands of N.T.
dollars. Especially, unique one are waiting for a good price to sell,furthermore,the resident population of western Taiwan also know what is Taiwan blue chalcedony,so as to the value keeping high level all the time.
3. Analogous mimic
Because Taiwan blue chalcedony strongly receive favor on market, then huge amount of mimics launch on Taiwan markets, shoddy, or spurious mix the false with the genuine. Especially, Indonesia imports have the most quantity and near physical characteristic .Furthermore,simulants also have the kind of hemimorphite, dyeing blue chalcedony, turquoise and blue glass .Introduction as follows :
Chrysocolla
3.1 Chrysocolla (see figure)
Chemical composition : (Ca, Al)2H2Si2O5(OH)2．nH2O,often contain copper and impurity.
Crystal habit : aphanitic or lump aggregate body, for copper mineral corrade alteration, often company with chalcedony .
Mohs’ scale of hardness :2~4, chalcedony accrete can heighten,
Relative density :2.0~2.4 g/cm3.
Refractive index :1.461~1.570.
Blare : wax to glass blare.
Color : green, blue-green, some can display water blue.
Distribution : Taiwan, America, Brazil, Chile, Peru.
Hemimorphite
3.2 Hemimorphite (see figure)
Chemical composition : Zn4(OH)Si2O7．H2O.
Crystal habit : fibrous, globosity, graininess aggregates body, always breed in limestone.
Crystal system : orthorhombic system.
Mohs’ scale of hardness :4.5~5.
Relative density :3.45± 0.05 g/cm3.
Refractive index :1.614~1.636.
Blare : glass blare.
Color : have no color, or green, blue color.
Distribution : China, Austria, America, England, Germany.
Dyeing ( blue ) chalcedony
3.3 Dyeing ( blue ) chalcedony (see figure)
Chemical composition :SiO2, but contain many kinds of dyes.
Crystal habit : aphanitic aggregate body, display lump, graininess or fine thin fibrous aggregates body.
Mohs’ scale of hardness: 6~7.
Relative density :2.60± 0.10 g/cm3.
Refractive index : about 1.54 (point measure ).
Blare : grease to glass blare.
Color : many kinds of colors.
Distribution : spread in the world because it is a mimic.
Blue glass --see flow line
3.4 Blue glass (see figure)
Chemical composition :SiO2 and a little amount of metallic element.
Crystal condition : not a crystal quality body.
Mohs’ scale of hardness :5~5.5.
Relative density :2.30~2.60.
Refractive index : about 1.50.
Blare : wax to glass blare.
Turquoise
3.5 Turquoise (see figure)
Chemical composition : CuAl6[PO4]4(OH)8．4H2O.
Crystal system :triclinic system.
Crystal habit : aphanitic aggregate body ,display lump, tubercle , or nervation .
Mohs’ scale of hardness:5.5~6.
Relative density :2.4~2.9.
Refractive index : about 1.62
Blare : wax ~ earthy blare.
Distribution : Turkey, China, Iran, Egypt, America, Australia.
Ore of Taiwan blue chalcedony
The writer points out where is the Taiwan blue chalcedony ore
主讲人：林嵩山 ( GIC.DIC. FGA. DGA. HRD. CGC.GIC翡翠鉴定师证书 ) GIC台湾校友会会长
全球宝石鉴定研习中心总鉴定师 // 讲师
桃园县劳工局职训中心珠宝职业课程讲师
中华民国宝石协会副理事长
台湾蓝玉髓（台湾蓝宝）介绍及都兰山矿区之旅
为什么钻石那么闪亮（火彩）的问答